A systematic review on improving cognition in schizophrenia: which is the more commonly used type of training, practice or strategy learning?

BACKGROUND The purpose of this article was to conduct a review of the types of training offered to people with schizophrenia in order to help them develop strategies to cope with or compensate for neurocognitive or sociocognitive deficits. METHODS We conducted a search of the literature using keywords such as "schizophrenia", "training", and "cognition" with the most popular databases of peer-reviewed journals. RESULTS We reviewed 99 controlled studies in total (though nine did not have a control condition). We found that drill and practice training is used more often to retrain neurocognitive deficits while drill and strategy training is used more frequently in the context of sociocognitive remediation. CONCLUSIONS Hypotheses are suggested to better understand those results and future research is recommended to compare drill and strategy with drill and practice training for both social and neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia.